i ii KATA PENGANTAR Kurikulum 2013 dirancang untuk memperkuat kompetensi siswa dari sisi sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan secara utuh. Keutuhan tersebut menjadi dasar dalam perumusan kompetensi dasar tiap mata pelajaran mencakup kompetensi dasar kelompok sikap, kompetensi dasar kelompok pengetahuan, dan kompetensi dasar kelompok keterampilan. Semua mata pelajaran dirancang mengikuti rumusan tersebut. Pembelajaran kelas X dan XI jenjang Pendidikan Menengah Kejuruhan yang disajikan dalam buku ini juga tunduk pada ketentuan tersebut. Buku siswa ini diberisi materi pembelajaran yang membekali peserta didik dengan pengetahuan, keterapilan dalam menyajikan pengetahuan yang dikuasai secara kongkrit dan abstrak, dan sikap sebagai makhluk yang mensyukuri anugerah alam semesta yang dikaruniakan kepadanya melalui pemanfaatan yang bertanggung jawab. Buku ini menjabarkan usaha minimal yang harus dilakukan siswa untuk mencapai kompetensi yang diharuskan. Sesuai dengan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kurikulum 2013, siswa diberanikan untuk mencari dari sumber belajar lain yang tersedia dan terbentang luas di sekitarnya. Peran guru sangat penting untuk meningkatkan dan menyesuaikan daya serp siswa dengan ketersediaan kegiatan buku ini. Guru dapat memperkayanya dengan kreasi dalam bentuk kegiatan-kegiatan lain yang sesuai dan relevan yang bersumber dari lingkungan sosial dan alam. Buku ini sangat terbuka dan terus dilakukan perbaikan dan penyempurnaan. Untuk itu, kami mengundang para pembaca memberikan kritik, saran, dan masukan untuk perbaikan dan penyempurnaan. Atas kontribusi tersebut, kami ucapkan terima kasih. Mudah-mudahan kita dapat memberikan yang terbaik bagi kemajuan dunia pendidikan dalam rangka mempersiapkan generasi seratus tahun Indonesia Merdeka (2045) iii DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................................................ i DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................................ ix DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................................. xi PETA KEDUDUKAN BAHAN AJAR ......................................................................................................... xiii GLOSARIUM ......................................................................................................................................................xiv I. PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Deskripsi .............................................................................................................................................. 2 B. Prasyarat .............................................................................................................................................. 3 C. Petunjuk Penggunaan ................................................................................................................... 3 D. Tujuan Akhir....................................................................................................................................... 4 E. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar ............................................................................... 4 F. Cek Kemampuan Awal ................................................................................................................... 6 II. PEMBELAJARAN ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1. Ruang lingkup dan karakteristik tanaman pangan dan palawija ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 A. Deskripsi .............................................................................................................................................. 9 B. Kegiatan Belajar................................................................................................................................ 9 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran................................................................................................................ 9 2. Uraian Materi ................................................................................................................................ 9 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 15 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 15 iv 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 15 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2. Persiapan Lahan Produksi Tanaman pangan dan palawija ..................................................................................................................................................... 17 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 17 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 17 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 17 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 17 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 31 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 33 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 33 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 33 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 3. Penyiapan bahan tanam............................................................. 35 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 35 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 35 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 35 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 35 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 45 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 46 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 46 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 46 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 4. Teknik perlakuan khusus untuk benih secara kimia, fisik dan mekanis .................................................................................................................................. 48 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 48 v B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 48 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 48 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 48 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 54 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 55 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 55 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 56 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 5. Penanaman...................................................................................... 58 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 58 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 58 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 58 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 58 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 62 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 62 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 63 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 63 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 6. Pengairan / Penyiraman .......................................................... 65 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 65 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 65 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 65 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 65 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 73 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 74 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 74 vi C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 75 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 7. Pemupukan ..................................................................................... 76 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 76 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 76 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 76 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 76 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 90 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 92 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 92 C. Penilaian ............................................................................................................................................ 92 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 8. Tanda-tanda kerusakan dan gejala serangan kerusakan tanaman akibat faktor biotik dan abiotik ................................................................................. 94 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 94 B. Kegiatan Belajar............................................................................................................................. 94 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 94 2. Uraian materi............................................................................................................................. 94 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................102 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................103 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................103 C. Penilaian ..........................................................................................................................................103 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 9. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara fisik, kimiawi dan terpadu sesuai prosedur ........................................................................................................105 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................105 B. Kegiatan Belajar...........................................................................................................................105 vii 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................105 2. Uraian materi...........................................................................................................................105 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................118 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................119 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................119 C. Penilaian ..........................................................................................................................................120 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 10. Pemanenan .................................................................................122 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................122 B. Kegiatan Belajar...........................................................................................................................122 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................122 2. Uraian materi...........................................................................................................................122 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................125 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................126 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................126 C. Penilaian ..........................................................................................................................................127 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 11. Penanganan Pasca Panen ....................................................128 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................128 B. Kegiatan Belajar...........................................................................................................................128 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................128 2. Uraian materi...........................................................................................................................128 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................135 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................136 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................136 C. Penilaian ..........................................................................................................................................137 viii Kegiatan Pembelajaran 12. Pemasaran Hasil Tanaman Pangan Dan Palawija ...139 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................139 B. Kegiatan Belajar...........................................................................................................................139 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................139 2. Uraian materi...........................................................................................................................139 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................166 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................166 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................166 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 13. Pembukuan Usaha Sesuai Prosedur ...............................168 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................168 B. Kegiatan Belajar...........................................................................................................................168 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................168 2. Uraian materi...........................................................................................................................168 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................184 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................185 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................186 C. Penilaian ..........................................................................................................................................187 III. PENUTUP .................................................................................................................................................188 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................................................................189 ix DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1. Traktor tangan ......................................................................................................................... 18 Gambar 2. Pola Tengah ................................................................................................................................ 22 Gambar 3 Alur Pada Tepi Lahan ............................................................................................................ 23 Gambar 4. Pola Tepi ...................................................................................................................................... 24 Gambar 5. Pola keliling tengah ................................................................................................................ 25 Gambar 6. Pola keliling tepi...................................................................................................................... 26 Gambar 7. Pola bolak balik rapat ........................................................................................................... 26 Gambar 8. Benih padi dan pesemaian padi ........................................................................................ 38 Gambar 9. Pesemaian kering ................................................................................................................... 41 Gambar 10 Pesemaian basah ................................................................................................................... 42 Gambar 11. Pesemian dapok ................................................................................................................... 43 Gambar 12 Siklus pertumbuhan tanaman ........................................................................................ 49 Gambar 13. Bibit padi siap tanam ......................................................................................................... 59 Gambar 14 Mata air ..................................................................................................................................... 66 Gambar 15. Air sungai ................................................................................................................................. 66 Gambar 16. Air waduk atau bendung .................................................................................................. 67 Gambar 17. Sistem leb Gambar 18. Sistem springkel ........................................................... 72 Gambar 19. Sistem drib ............................................................................................................................... 73 Gambar 20. Pupuk organik ........................................................................................................................ 77 Gambar 21. Pupuk anorganik ................................................................................................................... 79 Gambar 22. Pupuk majemuk ..................................................................................................................... 80 Gambar 23. Pupuk anorganik tunggal .................................................................................................. 81 Gambar 24. Unsur hara makro dan mikro ......................................................................................... 82 Gambar 25. Pemupukan dengan cara ditabur .................................................................................. 87 Gambar 26. Dibenamkan dan dilingkarkan ....................................................................................... 89 Gambar 27. Disemprotkan ......................................................................................................................... 90 Gambar 28. Faktor biotik ............................................................................................................................ 95 Next >