i HALAMAN FRANCIS Agribisnis tanaman perkebunan terdiri atas perkebunan tanaman tahunan, perkebunan tanaman semusim dan perkebunan tanaman herbal. Perkebunan tanaman tahunan karakteristiknya adalah tanaman perkebunan yang mempunyai siklus hidupnya lebih dari satu tahun, perkebunan tanaman semusim mempunyai karakteristik siklus hidup sekitar 1 tahunan sedangkan tanaman perkebunan herbal mempunyai karakteristik untuk diambil hasilnya kandungan herbal dan mempunyai siklus hidup ada yang satu tahunan ada yang tahunan. Tanaman perkebunan semusim dalam membudidayakan seperti tanaman hortikultura pada umumnya yang meliputi : persiapan lahan, pengolahan tanah, pembibitan, penanaman, pemeliharaan tanaman, panen dan pasca panen. Rangkaian kegiatan budidaya tanaman perkebunan semusim tidak begitu spesifk sehingga kompetensi yang ada hampir sama dengan budidaya tanaman hortikultura. Hanya saja budidaya tanaman perkebunan semusim biasanya diusahakan dalam skala yang luas sehingga pelaksanaan membutuhkan pengelolaan yang lebih seperti pengolahan tanah, pembibitan, pemeliharaan tanaman sampai pemanenan dan pasca panen serta pengelolaan sumberdaya manusia terutama untuk pengelolaan pekerjaan. Kunci keberhasilan budidaya tanaman perkebunan semusim adalah pengelolaannya sehingga perlu direncanaan dengan seksama agar tidak mengalami kegagalan yang merugikan. Hal ini dikarenakan luasan yang dikelola pada perkebunan tanaman semusim besar sehingga ketika mengalami kegagalan, maka akan berdampak pada kerugian material yang besar pula. ii Jika kita ingin mengusahakan budidaya tanaman perkebunan semusim perlu mengetahui kunci-kunci sukses pelaksanaannya. Buku teks siswa ini merupakan awal dari berwirausaha melalui jalur pendidikan kejuruan dengan penerapan kurikulum 2013 yang berbasis saintifik dengan siswa sebagai subyek sehingga siswa diharapkan siswa kompeten dalam bidang tanaman perkebunan semusim. iiiKATA PENGANTAR Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Pertanian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menyiapkan peserta didik yang cerdas, terampil, mandiri, berkepribadian dan berakhlak mulia, serta memiliki daya saing tingkat Nasional maupun Internasional dalam mendukung pembangunan pertanian. Sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mencapai maksud dan tujuan pendidikan tersebut, terus menerus berupaya mengembangkan materi bahan pembelajaran dalam bentuk buku teks siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Pertanian, baik mata ajaran Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan maupun Kompetensi Kejuruan, diantaranya adalah Buku teks siswa “ Agribisnis Tanaman Perkebunan Semusim”. Buku teks siswa “ Agribisnis Tanaman Perkebunan Semusim”, ini bersifat dinamis mengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan perkembangan pembangunan pertanian. Oleh karena itu, buku teks siswa ini akan terus disesuaikan dan dikembangkan mengikuti perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi. Dengan demikian diharapkan mutu hasil pendidikan menengah kejuruan agribisnis tanaman dapat terus meningkat sesuai dengan standar kompetensi yang telah ditentukan. Buku teks siswa ini merupakan materi pembelajaran dan bahan referensi bagi peserta didik dan para pendidik pengampu mata ajaran, guna menambah dan mengembangkan wawasan dan pengetahuan sesuai dengan tuntutan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan perkembangan pembangunan pertanian. Dengan tersusunnya buku teks siswa “ Agribisnis Tanaman Perkebunan Semusim” ini, kami menyampaikan penghargaan dan terimakasih semua pihak yang telah berupaya melengkapi materi pembelajaran SMK Pertanian. Semoga buku teks ini bermanfaat. iv DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN FRANCIS .......................................................................................................................................... i KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................................. x DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................................ xii PETA KEDUDUKAN BAHAN AJAR ..........................................................................................................xiv GLOSARIUM ....................................................................................................................................................... xv I. PENDAHULUAN......................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Deskripsi .............................................................................................................................................. 2 B. Prasyarat .............................................................................................................................................. 3 C. Petunjuk Penggunaan ................................................................................................................... 3 D. Tujuan Akhir ...................................................................................................................................... 3 E. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar ............................................................................... 4 F. Cek Kemampuan Awal .................................................................................................................. 8 II. PEMBELAJARAN .................................................................................................................................... 11 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1. ................................................................................................................. 11 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 11 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 11 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 11 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 11 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 25 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 25 v 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 26 C. Penilaian ........................................................................................................................................... 27 1. Sikap .............................................................................................................................................. 27 2. Pengetahuan .............................................................................................................................. 28 3. Keterampilan ............................................................................................................................. 29 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2 .................................................................................................................. 30 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 30 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 30 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 30 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 30 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 37 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 37 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 38 C. Penilaian ........................................................................................................................................... 39 1. Sikap .............................................................................................................................................. 39 2. Pengetahuan .............................................................................................................................. 39 3. Keterampilan ............................................................................................................................. 40 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 3 .................................................................................................................. 41 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 41 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 41 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 41 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 41 vi 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 53 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 54 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 55 C. Penilaian ........................................................................................................................................... 56 1. Sikap .............................................................................................................................................. 56 2. Pengetahuan .............................................................................................................................. 56 3. Keterampilan ............................................................................................................................. 57 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 4 .................................................................................................................. 58 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 58 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 58 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 58 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 58 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 68 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 68 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 69 C. Penilaian ........................................................................................................................................... 69 1. Sikap .............................................................................................................................................. 69 2. Pengetahuan .............................................................................................................................. 70 3. Keterampilan ............................................................................................................................. 71 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 5 .................................................................................................................. 72 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 72 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 72 vii1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 72 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 72 3. Refleksi ......................................................................................................................................... 78 4. Tugas ............................................................................................................................................. 79 5. Tes Formatif ............................................................................................................................... 79 C. Penilaian ........................................................................................................................................... 80 1. Sikap .............................................................................................................................................. 80 2. Pengetahuan .............................................................................................................................. 80 3. Keterampilan ............................................................................................................................. 81 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 6 .................................................................................................................. 82 A. Deskripsi ........................................................................................................................................... 82 B. Kegiatan Belajar ............................................................................................................................ 82 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran............................................................................................................. 82 2. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................................. 82 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................121 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................122 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................122 C. Penilaian .........................................................................................................................................123 1. Sikap ............................................................................................................................................123 2. Pengetahuan ............................................................................................................................123 3. Keterampilan ...........................................................................................................................124 viiiKegiatan Pembelajaran 7 .................................................................................................................125 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................125 B. Kegiatan Belajar ..........................................................................................................................125 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................125 2. Uraian Materi ...........................................................................................................................126 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................155 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................156 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................156 C. Penilaian .........................................................................................................................................157 1. Sikap ............................................................................................................................................157 2. Pengetahuan ............................................................................................................................157 3. Keterampilan ...........................................................................................................................158 Kegiatan Pembelajaran 8 ................................................................................................................159 A. Deskripsi .........................................................................................................................................159 B. Kegiatan Belajar ..........................................................................................................................159 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran...........................................................................................................159 2. Uraian Materi ...........................................................................................................................159 3. Refleksi .......................................................................................................................................179 4. Tugas ...........................................................................................................................................179 5. Tes Formatif .............................................................................................................................180 Next >