< PreviousGelombang Bunyi71Peta Konsep#=2C:7:<2C: 6=@>32?8E?H:6A2D)2>32D*:72D*:72D 6=@>32?8E?H:/2D(252D$/2D2:B$ 2C$!?D6B76B6?C:(6>2?DE=2? :7B2<C:(6=2H2?82?!?D6?C:D2CE?H:+2B27!?D6?C:D2C;:<2CE>36B3E?H:?H232?H2<>6>3292C'.1/$#0)608+>6>3292C =@8 >6>3292C+:?88:E?H:#E2DE?H:-2B?2E?H:Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda tentu dapatmengetahui sifat-sifat dasar gelombang bunyi danklasifikasi gelombang bunyi serta dapat menjelaskanperistiwa resonansi pada pipa organa. Dari materi babini, bagian manakah yang Anda anggap sulit? Cobadiskusikan dengan teman atau guru Fisika Anda.RefleksiPada bab ini pula, Anda telah mempelajari manfaatdari gelombang bunyi, seperti untuk mengukurkedalaman laut. Coba Anda sebutkan manfaat lain yangAnda rasakan setelah mempelajari bab ini.52=2>Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII72 (252CE2DEC22DD6B=:92D<:=2D52? 56D:<<6>E5:2?D6B56?82BCE2B28E?DEB?H2":<236C2B<646A2D2?4292H2 Q > C52?<646A2D2?3E?H: > C;2B2<2?D2B2D6>A2D2C2=<:=2D52?A6?82>2D2 >5 Q >3 >6 Q >4 > *63E292=2DC@?2B5:8E?2<2?E?DE<>6?8E<EB<652=2>2?=2ED*6=2?8G2<DEH2?85:42D2D@=69C@?2BE?DE<86=@>32?8>6B2>32D9:?882<6>32=:=28:<6C@?2B252=29 C6<@?":<246A2DB2>32D86=@>32?85:52=2>2:B=2ED252=29 > C<652=2>2?=2EDD6BC63ED252=292 >5 >3 >6 >4 > E23E29CE>36B3E?H:C6A6BD:D2>A2<A25282>32B36B:<ED36B86D2BC642B2<@96B6?E?H:H2?8?H2B:?85:92C:=<2?5:;:<2 6?82?>6?2:<<2?C642B2A6B=292?=292? 3E?H:D6B=6>295:56?82B<6D:<2 N 252=29 4> 4>52? 4>":<246A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2 > C36C2B7B6<E6?C:3E?H:252=292 I5 I3 I6 I4 I E23E29 #! 52?5:=6D2<<2?C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED+6B?H2D2A25256D6<D@B D6B;25::?D6B76B6?C:>2<C:>E>@B56A6BD2>2":<2<646A2D2?3E?H:5:E52B2 > C7B6<E6?C:86=@>32?83E?H:D6BC63EDD6BC63ED252=292 I5 I3 I6 I4 I%@5E=ECE=<CE2DEI2D42:BH2?8>6>:=:<:>2CC2;6?:C 8B2> 4> 252=29 Q & > 6A2DB2>32D86=@>32?852=2>I2D42:BD6BC63ED252=292 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C*63E29CE>36B3E?H:36B7B6<E6?C: < I36B86B2<=2?8CE?8<62B29C6@B2?8A6?56?82B56?82?<6=2;E2? <2=:<6=2;E2?3E?H: B6<E6?C:3E?H:H2?85:D6B:>2?H2252=292 < I5 < I3 < I6 < I4 < I 1#.!9! ?52C652?836B86B2<>6?56<2D:C63E29CE>36B3E?H:*D:52<36B86B2<H2?836B252;2E95:56A2??5252?C652?8>6>2?42B<2?3E?H:36B7B6<E6?C: <6C682=22B2982<;2E95:36=2<2?8?52D6B52A2DC63E295:?5:?8A6>2?DE= E?H:H2?8?5256?82B=2?8CE?852B:*56?82?7B6<E6?C:C52?H2?836B2C2=52B:A2?DE=2?5: 56?82?7B6<E6?C:5<6D:<236B:?D6B2<C:5:D6=:?82?52252=292D:52<2<2?>6?:>3E=<2?=2H2?82?<2B6?2C5 3D:52<2<2?>6?:>3E=<2?=2H2?82?<2B6?2C5 42<2?>6?:>3E=<2?=2H2?82?52?>6>6?E9:C5 52<2?>6?:>3E=<2?=2H2?82?52?>6>6?E9:C 562<2?>6?:>3E=<2?=2H2?82?52?>6>6?E9:C5 *63E29CE>36B3E?H:36B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2?> C>6?E;E<6A6?56?82BH2?85:2>C69:?8827B6<E6?C:H2?85:56?82B@=69A6?56?82B252=29 ":<2CE>36B3E?H:D6BC63ED5:2>C652?8<2?A6?56?82B36B86B2<56?82?<646A2D2?> C>6?56<2D:CE>36B3E?H:7B6<E6?C:H2?85:56?82B@=69A6?56?82B252=29 ":<246A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2$> CA6B32?5:?82? 252=292 5 N $3 N$6 $4 $*6@B2?8A6?6B32?8H2?8A6C2G2DD6B32?8?H2>6?E;E<6>6?2B232?52B2>6?56?82B3E?H:C:B:?6>6?2B256?82?7B6<E6?C: I":<2C22D:DEC:B:?6D6BC63ED>6>2?42B<2?3E?H:56?82?7B6<E6?C: I52?46A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2 > C<646A2D2?A6C2G2DD6B32?8D6BC63ED252=292 <> ;2>5 <> ;2>3 <> ;2>6 <> ;2>4 <> ;2>SS2r1r2P40 mAB9 mDTes Kompetensi Bab 3 +.+*.#*4#.#*4#56,#7#$#08#0)2#.+0)5'2#5�-'3,#-#0.#*2#&#$6-6.#5+*#0Gelombang Bunyi73 (6=2H2?82?3E?H:D6B;25:<2B6?2252?H2:?D6B76B6?C:2=63:952B: 86=@>32?8H2?8C2>27B6<E6?C:?H23 86=@>32?8H2?836B=2G2?2?2B2986D2B?H24 86=@>32?8H2?8C2>27B6<E6?C:?H25 86=@>32?8H2?836C2B36527B6<E6?C:?H26 86=@>32?8H2?8<64:=36527B6<E6?C:?H2 ":<25E23E29CE>36B3E?H:>2C:?8>2C:?856?82?7B6<E6?C: I52? I36B3E?H:C6B6?D2<2<2?D:>3E=A6=2H2?82?3E?H:56?82?7B6<E6?C:2 I5 I3 I6 I4 I *6ED2C52G2:>6?892C:=<2?B6C@?2?C:A6BD2>2A252 4>":<2A2?;2?8<2G2D 4>52?36B86D2BA252?2522D2C<65E246A2DB2>32D86=@>32?8DB2?CF6BC2=52=2><2G2D252=2946A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2 > C2 > C3 > C4 > C5 > C6> C E23E2952G2:32;2H2?8:56?D:<>6>36B:<2??25252C2B56?82?7B6<E6?C: I":<2D682?82?52=2>C2=29C2DE52G2:5:D2>329 7B6<E6?C:A6=2H2?82?H2?8D6B;25:252=292 I5 I3 I6 I4 I *63E29D23E?886=2CB6C@?2?C:H2?836B:C:2:B>6>:=:<:=E2CA6?2>A2?8 4> (252A@C:C:D6BC63EDD6B;25:B6C@?2?C:A6BD2>2*6;E>=29 4> 2:B5:3E2?8<6=E2BC69:?882D6B;25:B6C@?2?C:<65E2":<2<6=2;E2?3E?H:5:E52B2 > C7B6<E6?C:82BAED2=2H2?85:A2<2:252=292 I5 I3 I6 4 I (252A6B4@322?%6=565:8E?2<2?C6ED2C36?2?8H2?8A2?;2?8?H2 >6D6B52?36B>2CC28B2>":<23632?C636C2B <85:82?DE?8<2?A25236?2?8D6BC63ED<646A2D2?A6B2>32D2?86=@>32?8A25236?2?8252=29 > C 2> C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C *6ED2C52G2:>6?892C:=<2??25252C2B":<252G2:D6BC63ED5:A6?56<<2?4>D2?A2>6?8E329D682?82?5:92C:=<2?7B6<E6?C: ":<252G2:5:A6?56<<2? 4>=28:7B6<E6?C:H2?85:92C:=<2?252=2925 3 6 4 *6ED2C52G2:H2?8A2?;2?8?H2 4>52?36B>2CC2 8B2>5:;6A:D<65E2E;E?8?H252?5:B6?D2?8<2?56?82?D682?82? & B6<E6?C:?2522D2CA6BD2>2H2?85:92C:=<2?252=292 I5 I3 I6 I4 I 1,2 mf = 340 HzW#6D:<282BAED2=25:86D2B<2?A25252G2:D6B;25:86=@>32?8CD2C:@?6BC6A6BD:D2>A2<A25282>32B#646A2D2?B2>32D86=@>32?8A25252G2:252=292 > C5 > C3 > C6 > C4 > C *63E29A:A2@B82?2D6BDEDEA>6>:=:<:A2?;2?8 4>":<246A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2 > C36C2B7B6<E6?C:?2522D2C<65E2252=292 I5 I3 I6 I4 I &2522D2CA6BD2>2A:A2@B82?2D6B3E<2H2?8A2?;2?8?H2 4>36B6C@?2?C:56?82?A:A2@B82?2D6BDEDEA":<2A252C22D36B6C@?2?C:;E>=29C:>AE=A252<65E2A:A2C2>2A2?;2?8A:A2@B82?2D6BDEDEAD6BC63ED52=2>4>252=292 5 3 6 4 ! #810 (252A:A2@B82?2D6B3E<2?2522D2C<65E25:92C:=<2?A2?;2?886=@>32?8C636C2B%52?A252A:A2@B82?2D6BDEDEA?2522D2C<65E25:92C:=<2?A2?;2?886=@>32?8C636C2B&":<2A2?;2?8<65E2A:A2C2>2?:=2:A6B32?5:?82?&52?%252=292 3 4 56 +2B27:?D6?C:D2C3E?H:C63E29>6C:?B2D2B2D2 5":<2 >6C:?5:9:5EA<2?36BC2>2D2B27:?D6?C:D2C?H2252=292 53 54 5556 5Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII74 *63E2982BAED2=236B7B6<E6?C: I5:86D2B<2?5:A6B>E<22?D23E?8B6C@?2?C:(252C22D<@=@>E52B2>6?42A2:<6D:?88:2? 4>D6B;25:B6C@?2?C:H2?8A6BD2>26B2A2<2946A2DB2>32D3E?H:C22D:DE *6ED2C<2G2DH2?8A2?;2?8?H2 4>5::<2D<65E2E;E?8?H2#6>E5:2?<2G2D5:86D2B<2?=@?8:DE5:?2=6A2DB2>32D86=@>32?8H2?85:92C:=<2? > C%@5E=EC.@E?8<2G2D Q & > :DE?8=2927B6<E6?C:86D2B?H23>2CC2;6?:C<2G2D %@3:=>6?56<2D:A6?82>2D5:2>56?82?<646A2D2? > CC2>3:=>6>3E?H:<2?C:B6?636B7B6<E6?C: I(252C22D:DE;E82>@3:= >6?56<2D:52B:2B29H2?836B=2G2?2?56?82?A252<646A2D2? > CC2>3:=>6>3E?H:<2?C:B:?636B7B6<E6?C: I":<246A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2C22D:DE > C36B2A2<297B6<E6?C:=2H2?82?H2?85:56?82B@=69*6ED2C<2G2D32;2H2?8>2CC2?H2852?A2?;2?8 >5:36B:D682?82?&+6?DE<2?246A2DB2>32DA2?;2?886=@>32?8DB2?CF6BC2=C6A2?;2?8<2G2D3A2?;2?886=@>32?852?7B6<E6?C:?25252C2B?H247B6<E6?C:?2522D2C<6C2DE52?<65E2 B6<E6?C:?2522D2CA6BD2>252B:A:A2@B82?2D6B3E<2 I":<246A2DB2>32D3E?H:5:E52B2 > C9:DE?8=2927B6<E6?C:?25252C2B?H237B6<E6?C:?2522D2C<6D:826A2DB2>32D3E?H:52=2>C63E29A:A2@B82?2252=29 > C":<27B6<E6?C:?25252C2BA:A2@B82?2252=29 I36B2A2A2?;2?8>:?:>E>A:A2@B82?2E?DE<<2CEC2A:A2@B82?2D6B3E<23A:A2@B82?2D6BDEDEA E2ED2C52G2:32;2C6;6?:C>6>36B:<2??25252C2B I":<2A2?;2?8C2=29C2DE52G2:5:D2>329 36B2A2<297B6<E6?C:=2H2?82?H2?8D6B;25: E2ED2C52G2:32;2H2?8:56?D:<>6>36B:<2??25252C2B56?82?7B6<E6?C: I":<2D682?82?52=2>C2=29C2DE52G2:5:D2>329 36B2A27B6<E6?C:=2H2?82?52G2:H2?8>E?8<:?*66<@BD2G@?H2?8>6?56?8E?8A252;2B2< >>6>:=:<:D2B27:?D6?C:D2C 5":<2252 D2G@?>6?56?8E?8A252;2B2<%D2B27:?D6?C:D2C?H2 5D6?DE<2?;2B2<% (252C63E29D23E?8B6C@?2?C:D6B52A2D<@=@>E52B2A252"*6=:C:9A2?;2?8<@=@>B6C@?2?C: 4>#646A2D2?3E?H:A252CE9E L252=29 > C :DE?8";:<27B6<E6?C:B6C@?2?C: I#7#$.#*2'35#08##0$'3+-65&'0)#05'2#5 ":<2C63E29C6A652>@D@B>6=6G2D:C6C6@B2?8>@D@BD6BC63ED2<2?>6?:>3E=<2?D2B27:?D6?C:D2C+!C636C2B 5":<2@B2?8D6BC63ED5:=6G2D: C6A652>@D@B;6?:CH2?8C2>2C6<2=:8ECD2B27:?D6?C:D2C?H2252=29255 53 56 54 5 +2B27:?D6?C:D2C3E?H:C63E29>6C:?252=29 556?82?24E2?:?D6?C:D2C2>32?8A6?56?82B2?C636C2B N - >":<2D2B27:?D6?C:D2C5:52=2>BE2?8A23B:<H2?8>6?88E?2<2?C6;E>=29>6C:?D6BC63ED252=29 5;E>=29>6C:?H2?85:8E?2<2?252=292 5 3 6 4 +2B27:?D6?C:D2C3E?H:A252C63E29;6?56=2D6B3E<2H2?8=E2C?H2 > 252=29 5":<2?:=2:2>32?83E?H: N - 4> 52H22<ECD:<H2?8>2CE<>6=2=E:;6?56=2D6BC63ED252=292 N -3 N -4 N -5 N-6 N-Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor75Medan Listrik, PotensialListrik, dan KapasitorA.Muatan ListrikB.Medan ListrikC.Energi PotensialListrik danPotensial ListrikD.Kapasitor :-(+ ?52D6?DED6=29>6>A6=2;2B:>6?86?2:=:CDB:< ':CDB:<CE529252C6;2<;282DB2I2:?:=29:B '652<2?A6D:B>6BEA2<2?4@?D@9<636B2522?=:CDB:<<2B6?2A6D:B252=2992C:=A6=6A2C2?>E2D2?=:CDB:<5:2G2? 2?I2<C6<2=:2A=:<2C:=:CDB:<52=2><69:5EA2?C692B: 92B: .6=6F:C:B25:@<@>AED6B52?2=2D 2=2D6=6<DB@?:<=2:?>6?88E?2<2?=:CDB:<C63282:CE>36B6?6B8:?I2 -6D6=295:D6>E<2??I2=:CDB:<32?I2<5:D6>E<2?D6<?@=@8: D6<?@=@8:32BE -63282:4@?D@9=:92D=29328:2?52=2>C63E29B25:@ :52=2>?I2 ?5252A2D>6=:92D36B>242> >242><@>A@?6?=:CDB:< 2A2D<29 ?52>6?I63ED<2??2>2 ?2>2<@>A@?6?=:CDB:<I2?8D6B52A2D5:52=2>B25:@ :2?D2B2C6<:2?32?I2<<@>A@?6?I2?8D6B52A2D5:52=2>B25:@ ?52A2CD:>6?6>E<2?<2A2C:D@B A2<29<2A2C:D@B:DE A2<68E?22?<2A2C:D@B 282:>2?242B2<6B;2C63E29<2A2C:D@B ?52A2CD::?8:?>6?86D29E:;2G232?52B:A6BD2?I22? A6BD2?I22?D6BC63ED /?DE<:DED6>E<2?;2G232??I256?82?>6>A6=2;2B:323:?: memformulasikan gaya listrik, kuat medan listrik, fluks, potensial listrik, energipotensial listrik, serta penerapannya pada keping sejajar.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:menerapkan konsep kelistrikan dan kemagnetan dalam berbagai penyelesaianmasalah dan produk teknologi.Hasil yang harus Anda capai:75Berbagai jenis kapasitor yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan muatan listrik.Bab4Sumber: Physics for Scientists & Engineers with Modern Physics, 2000Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII76A.Muatan Listrik+B@C6C5EA=:<2C:?2C<29@=69>6C:?7@D@<@A:>6BEA2<2?C2=29C2DE4@?D@92A=:<2C:<@?C6A=:CDB:<CD2D:C52=2><69:5EA2?C692B: 92B: +6>36?DE<2?C2=:?2?92C:=7@D@<@A:<2B6?2A6?6>A6=2?C6B3E<2D2ED@?6BI2?836B>E2D2??682D:7A252A6B>E<22?<6BD2C @?D@9=2:?86;2=2=:CDB:<CD2D:CI2?8=63:9C656B92?2252=29>6?6>A6=?I2B2>3ED2D2EA@D@?82?<6BD2CA252A6?882B:CA=2CD:<I2?8D6=295:8@C@<<2:?G@= &65E286;2=2!:C:<2D6BC63ED>6?E?;E<<2?329G25E23E2936?5252A2DC2=:?8>6?2B:< 282:>2?2A2B229=:7:C:<2>6?;6=2C<2?86;2=2D6BC63ED+6B92D:<2?<65E2A6B:CD:G2A252&2'&6 52?&2'&6 &6D:<2C63E2932D2?8<2B6D5:8@C@<56?82?<2:?G@=<6>E5:2?5:56<2D<2?A25232D2?8<242I2?85:8@C@<<2:?CEDB2D6B?I2D2<65E232D2?8D6BC63EDD2B:< >6?2B:< -632=:<?I2C63E2932D2?8<2B6DI2?85:8@C@<56?82?<2:?G@=52?5:56<2D<2?56?82?32D2?8<2B6DI2?8=2:?D6B?I2D2<65E232D2?8<2B6DD@=2< >6?@=2< /?DE<>6?;6=2C<2?86;2=2D6BC63ED52A2D5:2?882A329G2A6?88@C@<2?<2:?G@=52?<2:?CEDB2A25232D2?8>6>36B:<2?>E2D2?=:CDB:<A25232D2?8D6BC63ED 6B52C2B<2?86;2=27:C:<2D6C63ED;6=2C329G2>E2D2?A252<24252?>E2D2?A25232D2?8<2B6D36B3652;6?:C?I2 *3/&2.36&301.3 O >6?I63ED<2?329G2>E2D2?=:CDB:<A25232D2?8<242C63282:>E2D2?A@C:D:7 52AE?>E2D2?A25232D2?8<2B6D5:C63ED>E2D2??682D:7 6?52D6BCECE?2D2CB:3E2?329<2?;ED22?2D@> D@>D6BCECE?2D2CAB@D@??6EDB@?52?6=6<DB@? +B@D@?52??6EDB@?D6B52A2D5:52=2>:?D:2D@>C652?8<2?6=6<DB@?D6B52A2D5:<E=:D2D@> %E>=29AB@D@?52?6=6<DB@?52=2>C63E292D@>252=29C2>2 $DE=29C6323?I22D@>36BC:72D?6DB2= -63282:4@?D@92D@>9:5B@86?>6?82?5E?8C2DEAB@D@?52?C2DE6=6<DB@? D@>36B>E2D2?A@C:D:7252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?=63:932?I2<52B:;E>=296=6<DB@?C652?8<2?2D@>36B>E2D2??682D:7252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?=63:9C65:<:D52B:A252;E>=296=6<DB@? 6?5236B>E2D2??6DB2=D6BCECE?2D2C2D@> 2D@>I2?8D:52<36B >E2D2??6DB2= D@>?6DB2=252=292D@>I2?8>6>:=:<:;E>=29AB@D@?C2>256?82?;E>=296=6<DB@?>:C2=?I22D@>9:5B@86?C6A6BD:D6B=:92DA252&2'&6 1.Interaksi Elektrostatis antara Dua Muatan Listrik%6?:C:?D6B2<C:6=6<DB@CD2D:C252>242>I2:DE2 D2B:< >6?2B:<2?D2B2>E2D2? >E2D2?D:52<C6;6?:C3 D@=2< >6?@=2<2?D2B2>E2D2? >E2D2?C6;6?:C -&61*79,978.349142' O >6?8E<EB36C2B?I2D2B:< 2?52?D@=2<2?=:CDB:<C642B2<E2?D:D2D:7 $2;E82>6?I:>AE=<2?9E<E>I2?8>6?82DEBD2B:<2?52?D@=2<2?=:CDB:<D6BC63ED #E<E>D6BC63ED5:<6?2=56?82?1'1)+1(+) #E<E> @E=@>3>6?I2D2<2?329G2Gambar 4.1Mesin fotokopiGambar 4.2Setelah batang karet digosok kainwol dan batang kaca digosok kainsutra kedua batang tersebut tarik-menarik.batang karetbatang karetSumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998"*'*1922*25*1&/&6.0437*5 *)&3 .786.0!48*37.&1 .786.0)&3 &5&7.8460*6/&0&31&-74&174&1'*6.098)&1&2'9091&8.-&3Tes Kompetensi Awal A2<29C6D:2A36?52>6>:=:<:>E2D2?=:CDB:< A2C2;2<29A6?IECE?52B:C63E292D@>%6=2C<2?A6?IECE? A6?IECE??I2D6BC63ED A2I2?8 ?52<6D29E:D6?D2?8<2A2C:D@B A2C2;2<297E?8C:?I2 282:>2?2AB:?C:A52C2B<6B;2?I2 A2I2?85:>2<CE556?82?>652?=:CDB:<batang karetbatang kacaGambar 4.3Setelah kedua batang karet digosokkain wol dan didekatkan, keduabatang karet tolak-menolak.Gambar 4.4Pada atom hidrogen terdapatsatu proton dan satu elektron.Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor77 5 0 .%')!* .%' 0 10+( ')!*+( ' *0 . 1 1 $)1 0 *(%/0.%' !/ .*5 !. * %*#(1.1/ !*# *$ /%(' (% !/ .'! 1 )1 0 *0!./! 10 * !. * %*#0!. (%' !*# *'1 . 0& . ' *0 . '! 1 )1 0 *0!./! 10 +6B92D:<2?&2'&6 52?&2'&6 -642B2>2D6>2D:C82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2D2ED@=2< >6?@=2<82I2 @E=@>352=2>F2<E>52A2D5:DE=:CC63282:36B:<ED ,- -2D2E F2<E>--'.O "2I2 @E=@>3I2?8D6B;25:52=2>CE2DE>65:E>2D2E3292?>6>:=:<:A6BC2>22?82I2 @E=@>3C63282:36B:<ED 3292? --.O%:<2+6BC2>22?O 252?+6BC2>22?O 35:823E?8<2?5:52A2DF2<E>3292? .O2-69:?8825:52A2D9E3E?82?82I2 @E=@>3A2523292?52?82I2 @E=@>3A252F2<E>C63282:36B:<ED 3292?F2<E> .O3&6D6B2?82?82I2 @E=@>3)->E2D2?=:CDB:< ' <@?CD2?D25:6=6<DB:<'P )> A6B>:D:F:D2CBE2?892>A2 P O )>rA6B>:D:F:D2CB6=2D:73292?.;2B2<2?D2B>E2D2?> E2<6A:?8=@82>I2?8D6B3E2D52B:3292?C2>25:36B:>E2D2?C2>236C2B 2 6B2A2<29>E2D2?5:C6D:2A<6A:?8;:<25:<6D29E:82I2 @E=@>3C636C2B)52?;2B2<2?D2B<6A:?8=@82> >3 %:<2<65E2<6A:?836B2525:52=2>3292? >65:E>56?82?.36B2A2<2936C2B82I2 @E=@>3?I2 &:&' :<6D29E:). >2 ' --.56?82?- ---..-''-.') > )>P O Gambar 4.5Interaksi muatan listrik berlainanjenis akan tarik-menarikGambar 4.6Interaksi muatan listrik sejenisakan tolak-menolakContoh 4.1FFq2q1rFFq2q1rFFq2q1Tugas Anda 4.1Anda masih ingat alat yangdinamakan dengan elektroskop?Apakah fungsi alat tersebut?Bagaimanakah cara kerjanya? CobaAnda cari informasi dari internetatau buku-buku referensi.Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII782.Resultan Gaya Coulomb+6B92D:<2?&2'&6 "2>32BD6BC63ED52A2D5:56C<B:AC:<2?C63282:36B:<ED 252=2982I2 @E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?- 2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2 @E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2 @E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- 252=2982I2 @E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-2<:32DA6?82BE9>E2D2?- ,6CE=D2?82I2 @E=@>35:CE2DED:D:<5:BE>EC<2?C63282:36B:<ED *O 6B2BD:B6CE=D2?82I2 @E=@>3I2?85:2=2>:>E2D2?-A252&2'&6 252=29- 2=2>92=:?: 52?----''.. Gambar 4.7Resultan gaya Coulomb.:823E29A2BD:<6=36B252A252C2DE82B:C=EBECC6D:2AA2BD:<6=36B>E2D2? 52? ?D2BA2BD:<6=36B;2B2<C2>2I2:DE 4> 2 .6?DE<2?36C2B2B2982I2A252A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2? 3 :>2?2A2BD:<6= 5:=6D2<<2?282B82I2 @E=@>3A252A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED?@= &:&' :<6D29E:- - - 2 '6D2<>E2D2?- -52?-C6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED %2B2<2?D2B2<65E2A2BD:<6=C2>236C2BI2:DE. . 4> 52AE? >6BEA2<2?82I2 @E=@>392C:=:?D6B2<C:D2B:< >6?2B:<- 52?-C652?8<2?>6BEA2<2?82I2 @E=@>392C:=:?D6B2<C:D2B:<>6?2B:<-52?- 6?82?>6>AB65:<C:<2? >2<2B6CE=D2?82I2 @E=@>3?I2>6>6?E9:A6BC2>22?36B:<ED Contoh 4.2r12 = 10 cmq1F12q2F23q3r23 = 10 cm O ----''.. '---. )> ) >F12q2q1F23F21F32q3r1r2TokohCharles Coulomb(1736– 1806)Coulomb adalah ahli Fisikakelahiran Angouleme, Prancis. Diamerupakan orang pertama yangmenunjukkan perilaku bahwamuatan listrik saling tolak satu samalain. Namanya kemudian digunakansebagai satuan muatan listrik.Sumber: Jendela IPTEK, 1995- --%25:36C2B>E2D2?=:CDB:<5:C6D:2A<6A:?8252=29 3 3292?F2<E>B ))%25:36C2B82I2 @E=@>3?I2252=29 ) Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor79 E23E29A2BD:<6=>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2? 5:82?DE?8A252D2=:C6A6BD:A25282>32B %:<2D2=:5:2?882AD:52<36B>2CC2D6?DE<2?36C2B?I22 D682?82?D2=:3 >2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=;:<2# > C &:&' :<6D29E:- --P O # > C'P )> ?5252A2D>6?6?DE<2?36C2BD682?82?D2=:52?>2CC2)92?I256?82?>6?:?;2EC6D6?829328:2?52B:C:CD6> 2 -:CD6>5:<2D2<2?52=2><62522?C6D:>32?8;:<24 2D2EC:? L 2B:!*67&2&&3 < 5:<6D29E:329G2'-.>2<22<2?5:A6B@=69C:? L'-. Nm/CCm22O)3 5 52?4@C L)# )) > C) <8%25:>2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=252=29 <8 3 82B?:=2:B6CE=D2?82I2 @E=@>35:-C2>256?82??@=>2<236C2B 92BECC2>256?82?C69:?882A6BC2>22??I2>6?;25: '--'--.--... ....(:C2=<2?>E2D2?-5:=6D2<<2?4>52B:>E2D2?- >2<2. 4>52?. O4>. . O4 44 >%25:282B82I2 @=@E>3A252-C2>256?82??@=>E2D2?-5:=6D2<<2? >52B:>E2D2?- Contoh 4.3T30°T sin 30°T cos 30°FwKata Kunci•proton•elektron•neutron•atom netral•gaya CoulombT60°30 cmqqT%:<282I2 82I2I2?836<6B;2A252A2BD:<6= A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED5:82>32B<2?2<2?D6B=:92DC6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED Perhatikan gambar berikut.Hitunglah resultan gaya F yangbekerja pada muatan q.qrr–q+qTantanganuntuk AndaMudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII80B.Medan Listrik ?52>E?8<:?A6B?29>6?56?82B329G2C6D:2A>E2D2?I2?85:=6D2<<2?5:CE2DE526B292<2?>6>:=:<:>652?=:CDB:<5:C6<:D2B?I2 %:<2C63E29>E2D2?E;:-5:=6D2<<2?A252526B29D6BC63ED>E2D2?D6BC63ED2<2?>6?82=2>:82I2 @E=@>3 &E2D>652?=:CDB:<5:CE2DED:D:<5:567:?:C:<2?C63282:82I2 @E=@>3A6BC2DE2?>E2D2?I2?85:2=2>:@=69C63E29>E2D2?5:D:D:<D6BC63ED -642B2>2D6>2D:C5:DE=:C<2?C63282:36B:<ED -O56?82?'--.>2<2 2D2E--'..O90 cm+q+q74°TTqq'15 cm Tes Kompetensi Subbab A *6/&0&31&-)&1&2'9091&8.-&3 6B2A2<2936C2B82I2D2B:< >6?2B:<2?D2B2AB@D@?52?6=6<DB@?52=2>C63E292D@>9:5B@86?I2?836B;2B: ;2B:2D@> K P O > +6B92D:<2?82>32B36B:<ED %:<25:<6D29E:- --O52? >D6?DE<2?B6CE=D2?82I2 @E=@>3A252- .:823E29A2BD:<6=36B25252=2>C2DE82B:C=EBEC>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2?O 52?O ?D2BA2BD:<6=>6>:=:<:;2B2<I2?8C2>2 > 2 .6?DE<2?36C2B52?2B2982I2A252A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2? 3 :>2?2A2BD:<6=I2?836B>E2D2?5:=6D2<<2?282B82I2 @E=@>3A252A2BD:<6=D6BC63ED36B?:=2:?@= E23E29A2BD:<6=>2C:?8 >2C:?836B>E2D2? 5:82?DE?8A252D2=::C@=2D@BC6A6BD:82>32B36B:<ED q1q2q3aa.2=:5:2?882AD:52<36B>2CC2 .6?DE<2?36C2B?I22 D682?82?D2=:3 >2CC2C6D:2AA2BD:<6=;:<2# > C 282:>2?2<29;2B2<2?D2B25E2A2BD:<6=36B>E2D2?92BEC5:E329282B82I2D@=2<<65E2?I2>6?;25:2 <2=:C6>E=23 <2=:C6>E=2 (E2D2? I2?836C2B?I25:=6D2<<2?A25282B:C9E3E?82?D2B2>E2D2? I2?836C2B?I2O52?>E2D2? I2?836C2B?I2 (E2D2? D6B=6D2<4>52B: 52?4>52B: %:<2;2B2< 4>D6?DE<2?36C2B?I2B6CE=D2?82I2I2?836<6B;2A2522 >E2D2? 3 >E2D2? -63E2936?5236B>2CC2 852?36B>E2D2?- 5:82?DE?8<2?A252C6ED2CD2=:B:?82?I2?8>2CC2?I252A2D5:232:<2? .6A2D5:C636=29<2?2?36?52A252;2B2< 4>5:=6D2<<2?-O I2?8>6?I6323<2?A@C:C:36?52>6?;25:C6A6BD:A25282>32B36B:<ED BAC%:<2 P )> 52?# > CD6?DE<2?=292 36C2BCE5ED 52?3 36C2BD682?82?A252D2=: Next >