< Previous LAMPIRAN C.4 4 Gambar 85. Penempatan anak panah dan ukuran di luar lingkaran................................................................................................113 Gambar 86. Penunjukan ukuran..............................................................................114 Gambar 87. Ukuran berantai....................................................................................114 Gambar 88. Ukuran sejajar.......................................................................................115 Gambar 89. Ukuran kombinasi.................................................................................115 Gambar 90. Ukuran berimpit....................................................................................116 Gambar 91. Pengukuran berimpit............................................................................117 Gambar 92. Pengukuran koordinat.........................................................................118 Gambar 93. Pengukuran berjarak sama.................................................................118 Gambar 94. Pengukuran berjarak sama.................................................................119 Gambar 95. Pengukuran alur pasak........................................................................119 Gambar 96. Pengukuran pada lubang....................................................................120 Gambar 97. Pengukuran profil.................................................................................120 Gambar 98. Pembuatan gambar mur......................................................................121 Gambar 99. Pengukuran mur...................................................................................121 Gambar 100. Pembuatan gambar baut.....................................................................122 Gambar 101. Pembuatan gambar mur dan baut.....................................................122 Gambar 102. Batas atas dan batas bawah toleransi..............................................123 Gambar 103. berbagai macam ukuran dan penyimpangan..................................123 Gambar 108. Penulisan toleransi simetris................................................................124 Gambar 107. Penulisan toleransi dan nilai penyimpangan nol.............................124 Gambar 106. Penulisan toleransi dan nilai penyimpangan...................................124 Gambar 105. Penulisan toleransi suaian dan nilai penyampangan.....................124 Gambar 104. Penulisan suaian standar ISO............................................................124 Gambar 111. jenis-jenis penulisan toleransi pada gambar susunan...................125 Gambar 110. Penulisan batas-batas ukuran dalam satu arah..............................125 Gambar 109. Penulisan batas-batas ukuran............................................................125 Gambar 112. Jenis-jenis penulisan yoleransio pada ukuran sudut......................126 Gambar 113. Penulisan ukuran dan toleransi pada gambar kerja.......................126 Gambar 115. kelonggaran dan kesesakan antara poros dan lubang..................128 Gambar 114. Penandaan Kualitas Permukaan ......................................................128 Gambar 116. Suaian Longgar....................................................................................129 Gambar 117. Suaian paksa........................................................................................129 Gambar 118. Suaian tramsisi.....................................................................................129 Gambar 119. Proyeksi piktorial..................................................................................131 Gambar 120. Proyeksi isometris................................................................................131 Gambar 121. Proyeksi dimetris..................................................................................132 Gambar 122. Proyeksi miring.....................................................................................132 Gambar 123. Potongan A-A........................................................................................133 Gambar 124. Potongan B-B........................................................................................133 Gambar 125. Macam-macam arsiran........................................................................134 Gambar 126. Gambar Benda Kerja ..........................................................................135 BAB V PROSES PRODUKSI DENGAN PERKAKAS TANGAN Gambar 1. Ketinggian ragum untuk pengerjaan umum kerja bangku...................................................................................................135 Gambar 2. Ragum ................................................................................................. 135 Gambar 3. Pencekaman benda kerja ................................................................. 136 Gambar 4. Bagian bagian utama kikir ................................................................ 137 Gambar 5. Spesifikasi kikir ................................................................................... 137 Gambar 6. Spesifikasi kikir berdasarkan penampangnya ............................... 137 Gambar 7. Kikir single cut dan kikir double cut ................................................. 138 Gambar 8. Gerakan badan dan mulut ................................................................ 142 Gambar 9. Posisi kaki terhadap sumbu ............................................................. 142 Gambar 10. Kikir gigi tunggal arah pemakanan lurus dengan LAMPIRAN C.5 sumbu kikir .......................................................................................... 143 Gambar 11. Kikir gigi tunggal arah pemakanan tidak satu sumbu dengan sumbu kikir ............................................................................ 143 Gambar 12. Kikir gigi ganda degan arah pemakanan lurus dengan sumbu kikir ............................................................................ 144 Gambar 13. Menghilangkan kulit yang keras dengan ujung ............................. 144 Gambar 14. Pemeriksaan kerataan hasil pengikiran dengan pisau perata ........................................................................................ 145 Gambar 15. Bidang dasar 1, 2 dan 3 .................................................................... 145 Gambar 16. Pemeriksaan hasil pegikiran miring ................................................ 146 Gambar 17. Pengikiran radius dalam ................................................................... 146 Gambar 18. Pengikiran radius luar ........................................................................ 139 Gambar 19. Pemeriksaan hasil pengikiran radius .............................................. 139 Gambar 20. Bidang dasar sebagai dasar ukuran, kesikuan dan kesejajaran dalam penggambaran .................................................. 148 Gambar 21. Mistar baja ........................................................................................... 148 Gambar 22. Penggunaan mistar baja ................................................................... 149 Gambar 23. Busur derajat ...................................................................................... 149 Gambar 24. Penggunaan busur derajat ............................................................... 149 Gambar 25a Set mal radius dalam satu tangkai ................................................. 150 Gambar 25b Set mal radius dalam ikatan cincin................................................... 150 Gambar 26. Memeriksa dengan mal radius ......................................................... 150 Gambar 27. Satu set mal ulir .................................................................................. 151 Gambar 28. Memeriksa ulir baut dan mal ulir ...................................................... 152 Gambar 29. Pita ukur .............................................................................................. 152 Gambar 30. Jangka sorong .................................................................................... 152 Gambar 31. Penggunaan mistar sorong .............................................................. 153 Gambar 32. Penggores ........................................................................................... 153 Gambar 33. Pemakaian penggores ...................................................................... 154 Gambar 34. Siku-siku .............................................................................................. 155 Gambar 35. Siku-siku geser ................................................................................... 155 Gambar 36. Penggunaan siku-siku ....................................................................... 155 Gambar 37. Siku-siku kombinasi ........................................................................... 156 Gambar 38. Pengukuran 45o .................................................................................. 156 Gambar 39. Pengukuran kesikuan 90o.................................................................. 157 Gambar 40. Jangka tusuk (spring divider ) .......................................................... 157 Gambar 41. Pengukuran dengan jangka tusuk ................................................... 157 Gambar 42. Jangka tongkat ................................................................................... 158 Gambar 43. Penggunaan jangka tongkat ............................................................ 158 Gambar 44. Jangka garis ........................................................................................ 158 Gambar 45. Penggunaan jangka garis ................................................................. 158 Gambar 46. Jangka bengkok ................................................................................. 159 Gambar 47. Mengukur tebal dan kesejajaran ..................................................... 159 Gambar 48. Jangka kaki ......................................................................................... 160 Gambar 49. Memeriksa diameter dalam .............................................................. 160 Gambar 50. Balok gores ......................................................................................... 161 Gambar 51. Penggunaan balok gores .................................................................. 161 Gambar 52. Pengukur tinggi .................................................................................. 162 Gambar 53. Menggaris sebuah bidang ................................................................ 162 Gambar 54. Mengukur tinggi / tebal ...................................................................... 162 Gambar 55. Penitik pusat ....................................................................................... 163 Gambar 56. Pengunaan penitik pusat .................................................................. 163 Gambar 57. Penitik garis ........................................................................................ 163 Gambar 58. Penggunaan penitik garis ................................................................. 163 Gambar 59. Palu ...................................................................................................... 164 Gambar 60. Tangkai palu........................................................................................ 164 LAMPIRAN C.6 6 Gambar 61. Palu lunak ............................................................................................ 165 Gambar 62. Penggunaan palu ............................................................................... 165 Gambar 63. Meja perata ......................................................................................... 165 Gambar 64. Penggunaan meja .............................................................................. 165 Gambar 65. Balok vee ............................................................................................. 166 Gambar 66. Penggunaan balok vee ..................................................................... 166 Gambar 67. Bagian-bagian mata bor .....................................................................167 Gambar 68. Mata bor pilin kisar sedang .............................................................. 167 Gambar 69. Bor pilin spiral kecil ............................................................................ 168 Gambar 70. Bor pilin kisar besar ........................................................................... 168 Gambar 71. Bor pilin kisar besar sudut sayat kecil ............................................ 168 Gambar 72. Bor pilin kisar besar sudut sayat lancip .......................................... 168 Gambar 73. Bor pembenam ................................................................................... 169 Gambar 74. Mata bor pembenam kapala baut ................................................... 169 Gambar 75. Bentuk kepala mata bor .................................................................... 169 Gambar 76. Kaliber mata bor ................................................................................. 170 Gambar 77. Sudut mata bor ................................................................................... 170 Gambar 78. Penjepit bor ........................................................................................ 171 Gambar 79. Sarung pengurang ............................................................................. 171 Gambar 80. Mesin bor bangku................................................................................ 171 Gambar 81. Mesin bor tiang ................................................................................... 172 Gambar 82. Bor pistol .............................................................................................. 172 Gambar 83. Bor dada mekanik terbuka ................................................................ 172 Gambar 84. Bor dada mekanik tertutup ............................................................... 172 Gambar 85. Reamer (Peluas)................................................................................. 176 Gambar 86. Peluas tirus ......................................................................................... 176 Gambar 87. Peluas yang dapat distel ................................................................... 177 Gambar 88. Penggunaan reamer .......................................................................... 177 Gambar 89. Gergaji tangan .................................................................................... 178 Gambar 90. Pemasangan daun gergaji pada sengkang ................................... 179 Gambar 91. Pemegangan sengkang gergaji ....................................................... 180 Gambar 92. Membuat alur (permulaan menggergaji) ........................................ 180 Gambar 93. Sudut awal penggergajian ................................................................ 181 Gambar 94. Pemotongan benda kerja .................................................................. 181 Gambar 95. Posisi daun gergaji tagal lurus terhadap sengkang Gergaji ................................................................................................. 181 Gambar 96. Pahat .................................................................................................... 182 Gambar 97. Pahat .................................................................................................... 183 Gambar 98. Pahat alur ............................................................................................ 183 Gambar 99. Pahat dam ........................................................................................... 183 Gambar 100. Pahat alur minyak .............................................................................. 184 Gambar 101. Pahat kuku .......................................................................................... 184 Gambar 102. Pahat diamon ...................................................................................... 184 Gambar 103. Cara menggenggam pahat ............................................................... 185 Gambar 104. Memperhatikan mata pahat .............................................................. 185 Gambar 105. Memahat baja pelat ........................................................................... 186 Gambar 106. Memahat benda yang lebar ............................................................. 186 Gambar 107. Memahat benda kerja yang tidak dijepit dengan Catok ragum ....................................................................................... 187 Gambar 108. Posisi pahat pada waktu memahat ................................................. 187 Gambar 109. Posisi pahat pada saat akhir pemahatan ....................................... 187 Gambar 110. Garis bantu stempel .......................................................................... 188 Gambar 111. Susunan stempel ............................................................................... 189 Gambar 112. Posisi stempel .................................................................................... 189 Gambar 113. Tap ....................................................................................................... 190 Gambar 114. Sney ..................................................................................................... 191 LAMPIRAN C.7 Gambar 115. Tangkai pemutar ................................................................................ 191 Gambar 116. Dimensi ulir ......................................................................................... 191 Gambar 117. Proses mengetap ............................................................................... 193 Gambar 118. Mengecek ketegakan lurus mengetap ........................................... 193 Gambar 119. Posisi tangan pada awal menyenei ................................................ 193 Gambar 120. Pemegangan penuh pada posisi jauh dari rumah Snei ...................................................................................................... 194 Gambar 121. Penggunaan snei ............................................................................... 194 Gambar 122. Sekerap tangan .................................................................................. 195 Gambar 123. Sekerap mata bulat ............................................................................ 195 Gambar 124. Sekerap keruk .................................................................................... 195 Gambar 125. Sekerap setengah bundar ................................................................ 196 Gambar 126. Sekerap segi tiga ............................................................................... 196 Gambar 127. Sekerap bulat hidung sapi ................................................................ 196 Gambar 128. Menyekerap ........................................................................................ 197 Gambar 129. Mesin gerinda tiang ........................................................................... 197 Gambar 130. Proses pelepasan butiran pemotong .............................................. 198 Gambar 131. Roda gerinda lunak ............................................................................ 199 Gambar 132. Roda gerinda keras ........................................................................... 199 Gambar 133. Roda gerinda struktur terbuka ..........................................................201 Gambar 134. Roda gerinda struktur padat ............................................................. 201 Gambar 135. Roda gerinda struktur pori-pori ........................................................ 201 Gambar 136. Roda gerinda lurus ............................................................................ 202 Gambar 137. Penandaan roda gerinda .................................................................. 202 Gambar 138. pemeriksaan roda gerinda ................................................................ 204 Gambar 139. Pengikatan roda gerinda pada mesin spindel mesin .................................................................................................... 205 Gambar 140. Mengasah / mendreser roda gerinda ............................................. 205 Gambar 141. Keselamatan kerja menggerinda ..................................................... 206 Gambar 142. Melipat tepi .......................................................................................... 206 Gambar 143. Mesin lipat ........................................................................................... 207 Gambar 144. Mesin roll ............................................................................................. 207 Gambar 145. Landasan rata ..................................................................................... 207 Gambar 146. Landasan pipa .................................................................................... 207 Gambar 147. Landasan tepi lurus ........................................................................... 208 Gambar 148. Landasan tepi bundar ........................................................................ 208 Gambar 149. Landasan ½ bola ................................................................................ 208 Gambar 150. Landasan alur ..................................................................................... 208 Gambar 151. Sambungan sekerup ......................................................................... 209 Gambar 152. Sambungan lipatan ............................................................................ 210 Gambar 153. Sambungan keling ............................................................................. 210 Gambar 154. Memasang baut pemanas ................................................................ 210 Gambar 155. Proses mematri .................................................................................. 211 Gambar 156. Jenis penguatan ................................................................................. 211 Gambar 157. Pengutan tepi ...................................................................................... 212 Gambar 158. Penguatan tepi dengan kawat ......................................................... 212 Gambar 159. Mesin putar kombinasi ...................................................................... 213 Gambar 160. Alas penindih kertas .......................................................................... 213 Gambar 161. Mal mata bor ....................................................................................... 214 Gambar 162. Dimensi mal mata bor ....................................................................... 215 Gambar 163. Pengepasan persegi .......................................................................... 215 Gambar 164. Dimensi pengepasan persegi .......................................................... 216 Gambar 165. Sambungan ekor burung .................................................................. 216 Gambar 166. Dimensi sambungan ekor burung ................................................... 217 Gambar 167. Bukaan kotak ...................................................................................... 217 Gambar 168. Penitik, pahat tangan, penggores dan mata bor ........................... 219 LAMPIRAN D.1 GLOSARY PLC : Programmable Logic Controlled CNC : Computer Numerically Controolled Pneumatik : Ilmu tentang pemanfaatan udara bertekanan Hydrolik : Fluida untuk meneruskan tenaga Sensor : Masukan ke dalam sistem atau sinyal N Code : Kode kalimat dalam pemrograman mesin CNC G Code : Kode instruksi dalam pemrograman mesin CNC Griffer : Lengan robot untuk mengambil material Inkremental : Pengukuran berdasarkan pada perubahan panjang lintasan Absolute : Pengukuran berdasarkan pada perubahan panjang lintasan Polar : Pengukuran berdasarkan pada perubahan besar sudut lintasan Feeding : Kecepatan asutan dalam pemakanan benda kerja Actuator : Penggerak benda kerja atau output dari suatu sistem. Katup : Alat pengatur arah, tekanan maupun kecepatan fluida dari sistem. Compressor : Alat pembangkit tekanan fluida. Arbor : Tempat dudukan alat potong mesin frais. Cekam : Tempat untuk menjepit benda kerja pada mesin bubut. Cutter : Pisau penyayat benda kerja. Air Service Unit : Komponen pembersih (filter), pemberi pelumas pengatur tekanan fluida sistem. Balamced Vane : Pompa kipas balanced. Bent Axis Piston : Pompa torak dengan poros tekuk. Processor : Pusat pengolah semua masukan dari sesnsor untuk disalurkan pada output. Power Supply : Catu daya Ladder Logic : Diagram tangga yang digunakan dalam PLC. Selenoida : Kumparan kawat yang dapat dialiri listrik. Memory : Penyimpan data dalam computer. LAMPIRAN E.1 1 A Air Service Unit 472 Aktuator 485 Aktuator 651 Anak Panah84 Aplikasi 461 Arm Geometry620 Asutan 425 AutoCAD 348 B Balanced Vane554 Bent Axis Piston 555 Bit 594 Bubut 220 Bus 513 C Centrifugal Casting34 Cetakan 29 CNC 239 coinage de making 458 Computer Aided Design (CAD) 345 Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) 394 Crescent 553 Cutter 279 Cutting Speed 253 D Device 577 Die Casting 35 Dividing Head 293 Drilling 459 E EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) 457 Efektifitas 462 Efektor 634 Ekor 212 Ekspandable Mold Casting 31 Elemen 14 EMCO 426 F Frais 271 G Gambar Perspektif 77 Gambar Potongan90 Garis Arsiran100 Gear Cutters 313 Geretor 553 Gips 32 Gripper 634 H Hidrolik 533 J Jangka 66 K K3 53 Katup 652 Katup 479 Kempa 461 Kerja Bangku 130 Kertas 62 Kimia 650 Klasifikasi 465 Komite 55 Kompressor 466 Konduktor 477 Koordinat 420 Kotak 213 L Ladder597 Linear 649 Logam 20 M Mal 210 Manipulator 620 Meja Gambar 70 Melukis 143 Memahat 178 Membengkok 202 Mengebor 163 Mengetap 186 Menggambar 62 Menggergaji 173 Menggerinda 193 Mengikir 130 Menyambung 205 Menyekerap 191 Menyenei 186 Menyetempel 184 Mereamer171 Mesin Gambar 70 Metal Working 38 Mineral 20 Modul 578 Momen 642 Mounting 501 O OMRON 588 Otomasi 565 P Pascal 548 Pasir 31 Pelat 202 Pendinginan 37 Pengecatan 631 Pengecoran 28 Pengelasan 633 Penggaris 65 Penghapus 68 Penindih 209 Pensil 63 INDEX LAMPIRAN E.2 2 Perakitan 631 Plaster Casting33 Plat 527 PLC 569 Pneumatik 461 Polar 346 Poros 14 Processor 583 Profil 527 Prosedur 58 Proyeksi 79 Proyeksi Dimentris 76 Proyeksi Isometris 73 Proyeksi Miring (Sejajar) 77 Proyeksi Piktorial 72 R Radial Piston Pump 555 Ragum 527 Rapido 65 Rehabilitasi 59 Resin 34 ROBOT 610 Rotary Table 294 S Sand Casting 32 Selenoids 651 Sensor 639 Silinders 652 Simbol 55 Software 434 Solid 378 Statika 1 SYSWIN 588 T Tegangan 1 Temperatur 643 Tranduser 638 V Vernier Caliper 325 W Wire Cut 459 Wrist 625 Next >