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'=7:7B7> IC7 '7II7DKAB;ED8;87I7:7B7>C7II7FHEJED IC7:7DC7II7D;KJHED IC7 IC7 ';0Tes Kompetensi Subbab A +80'1'42'.6'*'(;1;2':/.'47 .;DJKA7DIKIKJC7II7DN7:;<;AC7II7 8 .;DJKA7D;D;H=??A7J?DJ?DN7 7 D;H=??A7J (;7:7B7> ';0 7H?B7>C7II77JECDN7 8 '7D7A7>?DJ?N7D=B;8?>C7DJ7F&?7J7K&? ;7J7K ; 7H?B7>:;<;AC7II7;D;H=??A7J?DJ?:7D;D;H=??A7JF;HDKAB;EDKDJKA7JEC B/A, MeVper nukleonnomor massa A20010005102H6Li9Be11B14N19F75As125Te4He12C20Ne35Cl56Fe89Y110Cd141Pr160Dy197Au180Hf209Bi238UMudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII264B.Radioaktivitas1.Sejarah Penemuan Radioaktif!;@7B7H7:?E7AJ?<?D?:?J;CKA7DEB;>+48>+)7;+8+2F7:7 I;97H7J?:7AI;D=7@7 #7I;:7D=C;D;B?J?I?<7J &) &( ) %) :7D #+&( ) %) F7:7=7H7CKH7D?KCN7D=:?I?D7H?:;D=7DI?D7H2 * &) &( ) %) # (' %(%/)+*+0*! 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'99' +3(/'9'4*'2'3 +*'4 '-4+: +3'36;'4'>'#+3(;9 ;':'4B<7 ;J7!7CC7#DJ?>;B?KC B;AJHED,7:?7I?;B;AJHEC7=D;J?A*EI?J?<(;=7J?<.?:7A8;HCK7J7D%;9?B ;I7H.?:7A:?8?7IA7D ;I7H,;D:7>.?:7A8;HC7II7Sumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998Sumber: Physics for ‘O’ Level, 1990Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII2663.Pelemahan Intensitas Sinar Radioaktif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ontoh 10.34.Peluruhan Radioaktif (Desintegrasi)*;BKHK>7DJ;H@7:?I;97H7IFEDJ7D:7DJ?:7A:7F7J:?AEDJHEBI;HJ7:?F;D=7HK>?EB;>F;HI;DN7M77DA?C?7:7D<?I?A7I;F;HJ?F;D=7HK>IK>K:7DJ;A7D7D 7H?>7I?BF;D;B?J?7D:?F;HEB;>87>M7A;C7CFK7DIK7JKKDIKHKDJKAC;BKHK>8;H8;:78;:7 :7KDIKHN7D=:7B7CM7AJKI?D=A7JI;CK7?DJ?DN7C;BKHK>:7D7:7FKB7N7D=C;BKHK>:;D=7DB7C87J EDJE>DN7I;@KCB7>8;I7H?DJ?7JEC:7H?IK7JKH7:?E?IEJEFN7D=C;BKHK>C;C7D97HA7DF7HJ?A;BF7HJ?A;B:7DI;HJ7:??AKJ?F;C7D97H7D Gambar 10.9Pelemahan intensitas oleh bahandengan ketebalan X.XTokohMarie Curie(1867–1934)Marie Curie dilahirkan di Warsawa,Polandia. Nama aslinya adalah MarieSklodowska. Ia belajar Matematika,Fisika, dan Kimia di Paris. Mariebersuamikan Pierre Curie seorang ahlifisika juga. Mereka bekerja sama dalammeneliti radiasi yang dihasilkan olehbahan radioaktif dan mereka berhasilmenemukan unsur thorium yangbersifat radioaktif. Pada 1898, merekamenemukan dua unsur radioaktif baru,yaitu polonium dan radium. Untukkeberhasilan ini, Marie dan Pierre Curieserta Henri Becquerel mendapathadiah Nobel untuk bidang Fisika pada1903. Pada 1910, Marie berhasilmemisahkan radium murni danmempelajari sifat-sifat kimianya. Untukhasil kerja kerasnya ini, Marie kembalimendapatkan hadiah Nobel yang keduadalam bidang kimia pada 1911. Mariemeninggal tahun 1934 akibat kanker,yang mungkin disebabkan ia terlalulama berinteraksi dengan bahan-bahan radioaktif.Sumber: Science Encyclopedia, 1998Fisika Inti dan Radioaktivitas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a.Waktu Paruh*7:7M7AJK7AJ?L?J7I8;HK87>C;D@7:?I;J;D=7>7AJ?L?J7ICKB7CKB7 C7A7M7AJKN7D=:?F;HBKA7DKDJKAF;BKHK>7D:?I;8KJ-"*+'(+ # # :7D:?I?D=A7J:;D=7D $7:?KDJKA* +89'3''4 ? C;D@7:? BDBD I;>?D==7 BD P %EDIJ7DJ7F;BKHK>7D:7F7J:?HKCKIA7D:;D=7D "K8KD=7D7DJ7H77AJ?L?J7I7J7K@KCB7>7JEC:;D=7DM7AJKF7HK>:?BKA?IA7DF7:7'3('8 ;D=7DC;C;H>7J?A7D=H7<?AF7:7'3('8 8;H7HJ?KDJKA*%8;HB7AK :;D=7D %*% P Gambar 10.10Peluruhan inti atomGambar 10.11Peluruhan unsur 23Na dengan T12= jam.N = N012N0NN014N018N0116N0T2T3T4T5T0t153045607590246810121416Aktivitas(103 C/menit)Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas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ontoh 10.4*;BKHK>7DH7:?E7AJ?<C;HKF7A7DFHEI;IN7D=797AN7?JK?DJ?J;HI;8KJC;BKHK>I;97H7J?:7A8;HA7?J7DI7JK:;D=7DN7D=B7?DDN7 ;H?AKJ?D?:?F;HB?>7JA7DB?C7@;D?IF;BKHK>7DH7:?E7AJ?< /4://4*;11+0'*/'46+2;8;.'4/4:/'4'1F;BKHK>7D=7CC7F;C7D97H7DI?D7H=7CC7F;BKHK>7D7B<7F;C7D97H7DF7HJ?A;B7B<7Fisika Inti dan Radioaktivitas269F;BKHK>7D8;J7F;D7D=A7F7D;B;AJHEDEB;>D;KJHEDDKAB?HF;D7D=A7F7D;B;AJHEDF;D7D=A7F7D;B;AJHEDEB;>FHEJEDDKAB?HF;D7D=A7F7D;B;AJHEDF;D7D=A7F7DFEI?JHEDEB;>FHEJEDDKAB?HFHEJEDCK7J7D ;B;AJHEDCK7J7DP D;KJHEDCK7J7D ;B;AJHEDCK7J7D Gambar 10.12Lima jenis peluruhan radioaktif = + + =+ =AJ?L?J7II;8K7>IKC8;HH7:?E7AJ?<8;HAKH7D= 87=?7D:7H?7AJ?L?J7I7M7BDN7:7B7CI;B7D=M7AJK @7C .;DJKA7DM7AJKF7HK>:7DJ;J7F7DF;BKHK>7DDN7 '='( ?A;J7>K? * @7C/DJKAC;D;DJKA7DM7AJKF7HK>:7F7J:?=KD7A7DF;HI7C77D %% %C7A7% @7C**$7:?M7AJKF7HK>IKC8;HH7:?E7AJ?<7:7B7> @7C /DJKAC;D;DJKA7DJ;J7F7DF;BKHK>7D:?=KD7A7DF;HI7C77D @7C $7:?J;J7F7DF;BKHK>7DDN77:7B7> @7C Contoh 10.5Gambar 10.13Deret uranium4.Deret Radioaktif 7B7CF;C7D97H7DI?D7HH7:?E7AJ?<?DJ?N7D=J;H@7:?J?:7AB7D=IKD=C;D@7:??DJ?IJ78?B:7DC7I?>:7F7JC;C7D97HA7DI?D7HH7:?E7AJ?< "7B?D?8;HB7D=IKD=I;97H7J;HKIC;D;HKII;>?D==7:?F;HEB;>?DJ?N7D=IJ78?B '?I7BDN7F;BKHK>7D /7A7DC;BKHK>C;D@7:??DJ?7JEC .>:7D8;H7A>?HF7:7?DJ?7JEC *8N7D=IJ78?B )B;>A7H;D7:?CKB7?:7H?KH7D?KC:;H;J?D?:?I;8KJ:;H;JKH7D?KC Sumber: Konsep Fisika Modern, 1983Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII270:7FKD:;H;J7DF;BKHK>7D:7DN7D=8;HB7D=IKD=:7H??DJ??D:KAC;D@7:??DJ?N7D=C7DJ7FI;87=7?>7I?B7A>?HKDJKA:;H;JKH7D?KC:?JKD@KAA7DEB;>'3('8 *HEI;IF;BKHK>7DH7:?E7AJ?<8;H7DJ7?C;D=?AKJ?IK7JK:;H;JH7:?E7AJ?< :7;CF7J:;H;JH7:?E7AJ?<I;F;HJ?J;H97DJKCF7:7#'(+2 #'(+2 ;H;J,7:?E7AJ?<D.>EH?KC .> Q *8D (;FJKD?KC (F Q ?D /H7D?KC / Q *8DAJ?D?KC / Q *8 5358 '99'+8+:4*;1$3;8 '8;.#'.;4 85*;1 '4:'61./85.Pengertian Dosis Serapan-;F;HJ?:?@;B7IA7DF7:77M7B87887>M7KDJKAC;D97F7?A;IJ78?B7DDN7I;J?7FKDIKHH7:?E7AJ?<I;B7BKC;C7D97HA7DI?D7HH7:?E7AJ?< 7B7CF;H7C87J7DDN7I?D7HH7:?E7AJ?<J;HI;8KJC;C87M7;D;H=? $?A7I?D7HH7:?E7AJ?<?D?C;D=;D7?IK7JKC7J;H?;D;H=?DN77A7D:?I;H7FEB;>C7J;H?J;HI;8KJ *;H>7J?A7D'3('8 7DN7ADN7;D;H=?H7:?7I?F;D=?EDN7D=:?I;H7FEB;>C7J;H?F;HI7JK7DC7II7J;HJ;DJK:?I;8KJ&) )) (' -;97H7C7J;C7J?I:?JKB?I $ P %;J;H7D=7D:EI?II;H7F$C7II7C7J;H?F;DN;H7F;D;H=? ;D;H=?H7:?7I?-7JK7D:EI?II;H7F:7B7C-#7:7B7>=H7N!N ;D=7D !N $ A= H7: -K7JKC7J;H?N7D=C7II7DN7 =H7CC;DN;H7F;D;H=?H7:?7I?F;D=?ED8;HKF7I?D7H=7CC7I;8;I7H Q P$EKB; .;DJKA7DB7>8;I7H:EI?II;H7FC7J;H??JK '='( ?A;J7>K?$ =H7C A= Q P$"?JKD=8;I7HDN7:EI?II;H7F:7H?IK7JKC7J;H?N7D=C7II7DN7 =H7C@?A7C7J;H?J;HI;8KJC;DN;H7F;D;H=?H7:?7I?F;D=?EDI;8;I7HQ P@EKB; $ $ A= Q P$ A=$7:?8;I7H:EI?II;H7FC7J;H??JK7:7B7> Q P@EKB; A=7J7K Q P=H7N Contoh 10.6Gambar 10.14Energi radiasi yang diserap materibermassa m.sinar radioaktifmKata Kunci•radioaktivitas•fluorisensi•eksitasi•daya tembus•peluruhan•waktu paruh•aktivitas•dosis serapSumber: Konsep Fisika Modern, 1983Next >